5.6 Chapter Review

5.6.1 Chapter summary

Degree and radian measures describe the same rotations. Right-triangle ratios, reference angles, and the unit circle extend trigonometry to all angles. Sine and cosine model periodic behaviour through amplitude, period, phase shift, and midline. Inverse functions recover principal angles, while identities and angle formulas support exact rewriting and verification.

5.6.2 Common mistakes

  • Using the wrong calculator angle mode.
  • Assigning the wrong sign after finding a reference angle.
  • Confusing inverse trigonometric functions with reciprocals.
  • Reporting only the principal value when an interval requires multiple angles.
  • Applying a horizontal transformation in the wrong direction.

5.6.3 Exercises

  1. Convert \(11\pi/9\) to degrees.
    Check Your Work \(220^\circ\).
  2. Find all six ratios for a 5-12-13 triangle.
    Check Your Work Relative to the angle opposite 5: \(\sin=5/13\), \(\cos=12/13\), \(\tan=5/12\) and reciprocals.
  3. Evaluate \(\sin(5\pi/4)\).
    Check Your Work \(-\sqrt2/2\).
  4. Analyze \(y=-3\cos(2x)+4\).
    Check Your Work Amplitude 3, period \(\pi\), midline 4, reflected.
  5. Solve \(\cos\theta=-0.6\) for one revolution.
    Check Your Work \(\theta\approx126.9^\circ,233.1^\circ\).
  6. Verify \((1-\cos^2x)/\sin x=\sin x\) where defined.
    Check Your Work \(1-\cos^2x=\sin^2x\), then divide by \(\sin x\).

5.6.4 Questions for discussion

  1. When is an exact trigonometric value preferable to a decimal approximation?
  2. How do domain restrictions differ for tangent and inverse tangent?
  3. What physical assumptions are needed before using a sinusoidal water-level model?